In Nigeria, improper use of academic titles can be both a criminal and civil offense.
Please note, it is criminal when it involves falsification of academic credentials (Section 463, Criminal Code Act, Cap C38, 2004): Imprisonment (up to 14 years) and fine (up to N500,000).
Misrepresentation of academic qualifications (Section 10, National Universities Commission (NUC) Act, 1974): Revocation of degree and fine (up to N1 million).
Unlawful use of academic titles (Section 18, TRCN Act, 1993): Fine (up to N200,000) and imprisonment (up to 2 years).
Civil offenses when it involves misrepresentation or false advertising (Section 216, Consumer Protection Council Act, Cap C25, 2004): Compensation to affected parties.
Professional misconduct (Section 16, Legal Practitioners Act, Cap L11, 2004): Disciplinary action, including suspension or removal from professional practice.
Breach of contract (Section 69, Contract Act, Cap C14, 2004): Damages or termination of contract.
Please note the proper use of titles;
Use “Hon.” for honorary doctorates, not “Dr.”
Use “Dr.” for academic doctorates (Ph.D.) only.
More importantly, clearly indicate honorary nature;
EXAMPLES:
*Honorary Doctorate:*
Mr. Abraham Aninkan, Hon. D.Laws (Harvard University)
“I am Abraham Aninkan, recipient of Honorary Doctorate in Laws from Harvard University.”
Academic Doctorate (Ph.D.):
Dr. Abraham Aninkan or Abraham Aninkan, Ph.D. (Stanford University)
“I am Dr. Abraham Aninkan, holder of Ph.D. in Computer Science from Stanford University.”
It is important for you to know that using “Dr.” for honorary doctorate is punishable under the law and proper use of titles is essential for credibility and respect.
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